What is laryngitis and how do you treat it?

Laryngitis is a condition that affects the vocal cords. In most people it will be temporary and there will be no lasting damage. However, occasionally, cases of chronic laryngitis can result in permanent problems with the voice, causing a hoarse and rasping sound that remains after the condition has cleared up. Because laryngitis can seem similar to many other conditions it’s important to understand what it looks like when it happens.

Laryngitis - the basics

This is a condition that causes inflammation of the voice box, the area around the vocal cords, and usually means a loss of voice. It could be caused by something as simple as a period of time spent screaming or yelling. A number of different conditions can also cause laryngitis, including acid reflux, and it may be triggered if something has been inhaled, such as toxic fumes. Laryngitis can also be the result of a bacterial infection and those will use alcohol excessively - or who smoke - also have a tendency to suffer from it.

Diagnosing the problem

For many people, laryngitis is not a problem that requires medical intervention. However, there are a number of key things to look out for that indicate it might be wise to get an appointment with a doctor or a specialist, including problems breathing, talking or swallowing or where someone has a very high fever. Any bloody saliva is a sign that medical help is required urgently. There are other symptoms that indicate laryngitis might be the cause of illness, including a dry cough and pain in the area around the voice box. Where medical help is sought, laryngitis is normally diagnosed via an in-depth examination of the ears, nose and throat. The appointment will include questions about symptoms, as well as the patient’s lifestyle and medical history. A laryngoscope may be used to look at the vocal cords while the patient is speaking.

How do you treat laryngitis?

• Resting the voice. This is one of the simplest and fastest ways to treat laryngitis.
• Increasing the moisture levels in your home, for example with a humidifier.
• Antibiotics may be required if there is a chronic infection.
• Lifestyle changes can be beneficial where laryngitis is being caused by habits such as smoking.
• Surgery. This type of medical intervention is only ever required where the condition has become chronic and there are complications. For example, nodules and polyp may grow on the larynx and may need to be removed with surgery.

Sometimes, laryngitis symptoms can indicate that there is something more serious happening to the body. For example, cancer can cause paralysis of the vocal cords. Laryngitis can also develop into the condition epiglottitis, which is considered very serious. Where this happens the flap of tissue at the back of the throat becomes swollen and this can affect how much oxygen is available for breathing. It will need urgent medical attention.

For many people, laryngitis is a condition that is uncomfortable but temporary. However, if there is any cause for concern it’s always worth getting medical advice. For any throat related issues, be sure to be in contact with us at Harley Street ENT.